noise 3.noi.00098 Louis J. Sheehan, Esquire

http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping

When astronomers launched a balloon-borne experiment from Palestine, Texas three summers ago, they expected to find a faint radio signal from the slight warming of interstellar space by an early generation of stars. Instead, Al Kogut of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., and his colleagues discovered a booming, uniformly distributed radio noise six times louder than anyone had predicted.http://LOUIS-J-SHEEHAN.INFO

The team described the mysterious and pervasive radio static January 7 at the winter meeting of the American Astronomical Society. They also posted four reports online detailing their analyses and interpretation of the data at http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.0562, http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.0559, http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.0555 and http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.0546.

The researchers calculate that the radio noise is much too large to be accounted for by the combined emissions of all the galaxies in the universe that emit radio waves. They also suggest that the static could be signals generated by the first supermassive black holes. Cosmologist David Spergel of Princeton University, not a member of the discovery team, says the static could also be from the first generation of stars. “And those are the most conservative explanations,” he adds.

Kogut and his colleagues base their findings on 2.5 hours of data gathered during a flight of seven radio receivers called ARCADE (Absolute Radiometer for Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Diffuse Emission).

ARCADE’s radio receivers, which were cooled to a temperature just 2.7 degrees above absolute zero for the balloon flight on July 22, 2006, are the first detectors capable of definitively identifying the strange radio signals, Kogut says.

Kogut adds that a retrospective analysis of several other low-frequency radio-wave studies in the 1980s and 1990s hints at the unexpected static.

Because ARCADE operates at the same low temperature as the cosmic microwave background — the whisper of radiation left over from the Big Bang that itself was accidentally discovered as radio noise — heat from the instrument can’t be confused with the radio signals it detects. Emissions from the sky are also compared to an onboard radio-emitting source.

Data from the 36-kilometer-altitude flight, in which ARCADE examined about 7 percent of the sky centered over eastern Texas, reveals a pattern of radio signals that strongly resembles synchrotron emission.

Such emission is generated by electrons accelerated to high speeds by strong magnetic fields. Electrons energized by the maelstrom of activity, including intense magnetic fields, associated with an active supermassive black hole could produce this radiation, notes Spergel. So could star-forming regions, in which massive, short-lived stars explode as supernovas, accelerating charged particles to high speeds, he adds.

Kogut and his collaborators, who include Michael Seiffert of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., don’t know the distance from which the radio signals originate. But the radio static does not match any known pattern from sources in the Milky Way. Nor can it be accounted for by nearby supermassive black holes or other radio sources in nearby galaxies, which are well studied, Kogut says. And a new population of radio-emitting galaxies, too faint to be observed directly, would have to vastly outnumber all the known galaxies in the universe in order to produce such a strong radio signal. http://LOUIS-J-SHEEHAN.INFO

By process of elimination, that leaves some unknown source — possibly the first generation of supermassive black holes or the first stars — from the early universe. The radio spectrum seen by ARCADE “is telling us that we’re actually seeing a signature from a period of time that we know very little about and are very interested in,” says Spergel. A more exotic, less likely possibility, he adds, is radio emission from some new type of elementary particle. Louis J. Sheehan, Esquire.

Observations with the proposed Square Kilometer Array, a network of low-frequency radio telescopes astronomers are hoping to build, could more sensitively probe the radio static and possibly resolve the mystery background into individual sources, Spergel says. Louis J. Sheehan, Esquire

armstrong 5.arm.0 Louis J. Sheehan, Esquire

http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping
Louis J. Sheehan, Esquire
September 17, 2003
Garner Ted Armstrong, Evangelist, 73, Dies
By DOUGLAS MARTIN

Garner Ted Armstrong, a silver-haired television evangelist known for his easy charm and dark message, died on Monday in Tyler, Tex. He was 73.

The cause was complications of pneumonia, his son Mark said. http://louisjsheehan.blogstream.com

Mr. Armstrong was the son of the evangelist Herbert W. Armstrong, who called himself the ''only apostle of our time'' and used radio to build a ministry that eventually reached millions with its message of the imminent end of the world to be followed by the second coming of Christ. An advertising man, he called his denomination the Radio Church of God. http://louisjsheehan.blogstream.com

Garner Ted Armstrong took the story into the television age. Speaking extemporaneously and informally, he brought wry humor to his apocalyptic forecasts, which were routinely peppered with actual news reports of disasters.

He was at first reluctant to follow in his father's footsteps, but by the 1950's had become the star of the radio and television programs of his father's church, by then renamed the Worldwide Church of God. Both programs were called ''The World Tomorrow,'' with the radio version heard on 360 stations on five continents and the television version seen by 20 million people on 165 stations.

In addition to spreading a spiritual message, the church grew materially to include Ambassador College in Pasadena, Calif., and a sizable publishing operation. By the end of the 1970's, The New York Times reported that it took in more than $70 million a year, more than Billy Graham and Oral Roberts combined.

The narrative of Mr. Armstrong's life had elements of biblical stories and some that recalled Elmer Gantry, the lustful evangelist of Sinclair Lewis's novel.

The most dramatic event came in 1978, when his father excommunicated him because of doctrinal disagreements and accusations of sexual misconduct that were widely reported in the news media. Six years earlier, he was taken off the air for four months after it was discovered that he had been engaged in an extramarital affair, according to the reference book Contemporary Authors.

After his excommunication, Mr. Armstrong formed another church, the Church of God International. But he was asked to step down as leader of that church in 1995 after a Texas woman accused him of sexually assaulting her during two massage sessions. He then formed the Intercontinental Church of God, remaining its president until his death.

No criminal charges were ever filed in the incident.

But with each division, Mr. Armstrong's reach lessened. At the end, he was on about 100 cable television stations and a handful of radio stations.

The rift with his father never healed, in part because Garner Ted had accused Herbert of stealing millions from his own church.

''I tried repeatedly to call him and get in touch with him through letters, but he refused to talk to me,'' the younger Mr. Armstrong said in an interview with The Associated Press at the time of his father's death, at 93, in 1986.

''My biggest regret is not being able to see my father face to face during these past years,'' he said.

Garner Ted Armstrong was born on Feb. 9, 1930, in Portland, Ore. His father saw his birth as a miracle, because his wife had recovered from an anemic condition shortly before he was born. Herbert Armstrong dedicated his newborn son to God ''for him to use as he had need,'' he said in his privately printed autobiography.

In October 1933, Herbert made his first radio broadcast in Salem, Ore. Early the next year, he published the first Plain Truth magazine on mimeographed paper.

The theology he espoused was the same his son would later hold, even as he moved between churches. It blended fundamental Christianity with some tenets of Judaism and Seventh-Day Sabbath doctrine; it departed from mainstream Christianity in rejecting the Trinity and regarding Christmas and Easter as pagan holidays; it held that Anglo-Saxons are the lineal descendants of the 10 lost tribes of Israel.

Members gave the church 10 percent to 40 percent of their income, a tradition Garner Ted continued.

He graduated from high school in Eugene, Ore., in 1947, the year that his father moved his religious headquarters to Pasadena because of the broadcasting facilities there.

Mr. Armstrong joined the Navy in 1948, partly to escape his father's authority. After his honorable discharge, he worked in his father's mail processing office. He entered the church's Ambassador College in 1952.

The next year, he underwent a spiritual conversion and was baptized in his father's church, and married Shirley Hammer, who survives him, along with their sons, Mark, David and Matthew. All live in Tyler.

A daily feature on Mr. Armstrong's Web site is news that may portend the end of the world. Yesterday's report included a water crisis in the Russian Far East, cholera in Liberia and the death of 200 civilians in the Congo. Louis J. Sheehan, Esquire.